Author: Alexandra NICOLESCU
Publication name: Romanian Intelligence Studies Review
Publisher name: Mihai Viteazul National Intelligence Academy
Publication type: Journal article
Publication date: December 31, 2025
Pagination:
Issue/ Volume: 2 (34)/2025
DOI:
Abstract:
The adaptation of cultural crimes to the digital environment has enabled
terrorist groups and criminal networks to exploit online platforms, social media and
encrypted applications for the illicit trafficking with cultural artefacts. This article
explores how artificial intelligence may contribute to preventing and disrupting digital
trafficking of cultural objects. The research explores how emerging technologies, such as
image recognition, metadata analysis and algorithmic mapping tools, can contribute to
the identification and monitoring of these crimes.
The aim of this research is to assess the capacity of artificial intelligence to detect
suspicious transactions and support investigations, as well as to analyse the legal and
technological barriers that limit its application. The study adopts an interdisciplinary
approach that integrates legal, technological and cultural perspectives, and proposes
innovative solutions to enhance the effectiveness of these technologies.
The findings show that artificial intelligence can play an important role in
protecting cultural heritage, though its impact is limited by incomplete databases, the
fragmentation of information, and confidentiality matters. At the same time, collaboration
between experts and algorithms, along with the implementation of federated learning,
can enhance both the efficiency and the credibility of AI-based solutions.
Keywords: cultural terrorism; illicit traffic; artificial intelligence; international
legislation; funding sources; digital commerce.
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